Monastery of Amarbayasghalant: Principles of architectural-spatial organization and stylistic features

Abstract

The article focuses on the Amarbayasgalan Monastery, a significant yet under-researched Buddhist architectural ensemble in Mongolia. Construction of the monastery began in 1727 under the direction of Zanabazar, a prominent statesman and enlightener. The study is based on an analysis of the monastery's architectural features, topographical location, spatial planning, and decorative elements. Primary sources for the research include published data, visual materials, and archaeological findings. The paper examines the key aspects of the spatial design and structural principles that shaped the monastery's architectural concept. It is evident that the formation of these elements was influenced by a unique synthesis of diverse national artistic traditions, including Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese styles. This fusion resulted in a distinctive style in Mongolian architecture. The article also highlights the symbolic significance of the monastic space, particularly within the context of the Tsam religious ritual. This ritual encompasses choreography, costume design, masks, and musical accompaniment. The monastery is a significant cultural heritage site and warrants further research into the interconnection between architecture, religion, and traditional culture.